game-scoreboard/docs/ARCHITECTURE.md

# Architecture

## Stack
Next.js (App Router) on Vercel · Supabase (Postgres + Auth + Realtime Broadcast) · Tailwind · zod · Vitest.

## Routes
| Route | Who | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| `/login` | admin | Supabase magic link |
| `/admin` | admin | Events list |
| `/admin/events/[eventId]` | admin | Setup: teams, games, criteria, judges, share links |
| `/admin/events/[eventId]/live` | admin | Control room |
| `/s/[scoreboardToken]` | public | Scoreboard |
| `/j/[judgeToken]` | judge | Personal judge page |
| `/jo/[openToken]` | judge | Open link → name form |
| `GET /api/public/scoreboard/[token]` | public | Sanitised scoreboard payload |
| `GET /api/judge/[token]` | judge | Game, criteria, teams, this judge's scores |
| `PUT /api/judge/[token]/scores` | judge | Upsert one score `{teamId, criterionId, value}` |
| `POST /api/judge-open/[openToken]` | judge | `{name}` → `{judgeToken}` |
| `/b/[buzzerToken]` | team | Team buzzer page |
| `GET /api/buzzer/[token]` | team | Team, current game, buzz order |
| `POST /api/buzzer/[token]/buzz` | team | Buzz in (no body) → the same payload |

Admin mutations = server actions. `src/proxy.ts` (Next.js 16's name for middleware) protects `/admin/*`: must be logged in AND email in `ADMIN_EMAILS`. Every server action re-checks via `requireAdmin()`.

## Supabase clients (`src/lib/supabase/`)
- `browser.ts` — anon key, used for Realtime subscribe + admin auth session.
- `server.ts` — cookie-based, for admin server actions (RLS applies as the admin user).
- `admin.ts` — service role, **server-only** (`import 'server-only'`). Used by public/judge route handlers after token validation.

## Security model
- RLS ON for every table. Policies only for the authenticated event owner. Anon role has no policies → no direct table access.
- Public/judge access = token in URL → route handler validates with zod → service-role query scoped by that token.
- Judge write checks: judge not revoked, game not locked/done, criterion belongs to judge's game, team belongs to the game's event, value within min/max and on step. (DB trigger also enforces range.)
- Scoreboard API checks `scoreboard_visibility` and strips scores when `hidden`; returns `frozen_snapshot` when `frozen`.
- Buzz checks: the token's team exists, its event's current game has `buzzer_enabled`, isn't done, and nobody has been marked correct for this question. The team and game come from the token alone — the request has no body. One row per (game, team), so a repeat press is a no-op.
- Light rate limiting on judge PUT (20 req/s per token), buzz POST (5 req/s per token) and open-link join (3 req/s per link), in-memory per server instance. An open link can create at most 50 judges per game.

## Realtime (Broadcast "ping then refetch")
Channels (names use tokens/ids; payload is always just `{ type: "refresh", scope }`):
- `sb:{scoreboardToken}` — scoreboard listens
- `game:{gameId}` — all judges of that game listen (pinged for lock, spotlight, revoke and game edits — not for other judges' scores, which they never see)
- `admin:{eventId}` — admin control room listens (judge submissions and buzzes land here)
- `buzzer:{eventId}` — team buzzer pages listen (pinged for buzzes, clears, game switches and edits to games/teams — not for scores)

`src/lib/realtime.ts` exposes `notify({ eventId, gameId?, buzzer? })` which looks up the scoreboard token and sends to the right channels from the server. `buzzer: true` adds the buzzer channel; score saves leave it out so they don't cost an extra request.
Use Supabase's server-side broadcast (REST endpoint / `httpSend` — check current docs).
Throttle refetches client-side: the first ping refetches immediately, further pings within ~150ms collapse into one trailing refetch, so a burst of taps causes at most two fetches.
Clients also poll every 10s as a safety net, and refetch on reconnect / tab focus.

## Scoring engine (`src/lib/scoring/`)
Pure TS, no DB access. Input = plain data (teams, games, criteria, scores, adjustments). Output = per-game results + standings. See SCORING.md. Fully unit tested.

## Scoreboard payload shape
```ts
type ScoreboardPayload = {
  eventName: string;
  visibility: 'visible' | 'frozen' | 'hidden';
  currentGame: { id: string; title: string; index: number; total: number } | null;
  reveal: { active: boolean; revealedCount: number } | null;
  teams: Array<{
    id: string; name: string; color: string;
    // omitted entirely when hidden:
    rank?: number; total?: number;
    // v1 sends totals only; no per-game points.
  }>;
  // null while the host has the timer hidden; sent regardless of score visibility
  timer: {
    status: 'idle' | 'running' | 'paused' | 'finished';
    remainingMs: number;      // as of updatedAt
    endsAt: string | null;    // set while running
    durationMs: number;
  } | null;
  // null unless the current game uses buzzers; sent regardless of score visibility
  buzzer: {
    open: boolean;            // false once a team got it, or the game is done
    buzzes: Array<{           // in buzz order
      teamId: string; name: string; color: string; afterFirstMs: number;
      result: 'correct' | 'wrong' | null;   // the host's mark
    }>;
    answeringTeamId: string | null;         // earliest unmarked buzz; null once someone got it
  } | null;
  updatedAt: string;          // server clock; screens use it to correct their own
};
```
During reveal mode, teams not yet revealed are sent without rank/total, alphabetically and before the revealed ones, so their order leaks nothing.
When frozen, rank/total come from `frozen_snapshot` but `currentGame` stays live. A missing or invalid snapshot is treated as hidden, never as live.

## Timer and sound
- Timer state lives on `events` (see DATA_MODEL.md). `src/lib/timer.ts` holds the rules as pure
  functions; server actions apply them using the server's clock. Screens count down locally
  between pings from `endsAt`, offset by `updatedAt` minus their own clock.
- Sound effects are synthesised in `src/lib/sound.ts` with the Web Audio API. Which sound a
  change triggers is decided by pure functions in `src/lib/scoreboard-sounds.ts`; the
  scoreboard compares each new payload with the previous one. No sound data travels over Realtime.

## Buzzers
- A buzz is a row in `buzzes`, stamped by the database's clock (`clock_timestamp()`), so the order
  doesn't depend on phone clocks or on which server instance took the request. Network delay
  between a thumb and the database still counts — fair on shared Wi-Fi, not tournament-grade.
- `src/lib/buzzer.ts` holds the rules as pure functions (`buzzerView` builds the same
  `{ open, buzzes }` for the team page, the control room and the scoreboard);
  `src/lib/buzzer.server.ts` does the token-gated reads and the write.
- Buzzes follow rule 4 like everything else: the ping carries no data and each screen refetches.
  The buzzing phone gets its result in the POST response, so it doesn't wait for the ping.
- Clearing = deleting the current game's rows (admin server action).
- Marking an answer is the `markBuzz` server action. `checkMark` decides whether the mark is
  allowed and whether a point moves (+1 for a new "correct", −1 when one is undone);
  `bumpScore` gives the new cell value. In a direct game the point is written to the admin's
  score row for the game's first criterion — an ordinary score, so the scoring engine turns it
  into leaderboard points like any other and the `validate_score` trigger still guards range
  and step. The score is written before the mark, so a refused point leaves the answer unmarked.
- A buzz is refused once any buzz of the game is marked correct, until the host clears.

## Folder layout
```
src/
  app/ (routes above)
  components/ (ui/, scoreboard/, judge/, buzzer/, admin/)
  lib/
    scoring/ (index.ts, *.test.ts)
    supabase/ (browser.ts, server.ts, admin.ts)
    realtime.ts
    tokens.ts (zod schemas)
    queries/ (data loaders shared by admin + API)
supabase/migrations/
```